C9orf72 Gene and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Clinical Trials

The C9orf72 gene sits on chromosome 9p21.2, and its full name is C9orf72-SMCR8 complex subunit. Orphanet links C9orf72 to 6 rare conditions and lists variants in the gene as a cause of 3 of them. Trial Friend's Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis page lists C9orf72 among the genes behind the condition. As of September 29, 2026, 8 recruiting or soon-opening trials on ClinicalTrials.gov name C9orf72 as a gene.

Other symbols for C9orf72 in gene databases: DENND9, DENNL72, MGC23980.

See the trialsSearch another gene

What the C9orf72 gene does

C9orf72 makes a protein found in many tissues and plentiful in nerve cells, where it is thought to help cells make, use and move RNA. The gene holds a short stretch of DNA letters, GGGGCC, that can repeat, and up to about 30 repeats are thought to cause no harm.

Summarized from the C9orf72 page on MedlinePlus Genetics, U.S. National Library of Medicine, checked September 29, 2026.

C9orf72 and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

These condition pages list C9orf72 among the genes behind the condition, checked against genetics references when each page was written.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

One disease-causing variant can be enough to cause the condition.

About 90 to 95% of ALS is sporadic; among familial cases, C9orf72 repeat expansions account for 30 to 40% and SOD1 for 15 to 20%, and a cause is found in about 60%.

C9orf72 mutation clinical trials

These recruiting or soon-opening trials mention C9orf72 as a gene in their title, summary, eligibility rules or keywords. Some want people with a variant in it, and others study it more broadly, which is why each trial's own words are shown. In cancer trials the gene change is usually one found in the tumor rather than one a person inherited.

8 trials, checked September 29, 2026. The list refreshes from ClinicalTrials.gov every few hours.

RecruitingNCT04639622
GENetic Fronto Temporal Dementia Initiative in Lille
Frontotemporal Dementia
Why it's listed: “…known pathogenic mutation in the GRN or MAPT genes, or with a pathogenic expansion in the C9orf72 gene :”
RecruitingNCT05779813
Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia Initiative for Neurodevelopment
Frontotemporal Dementia · Family Members
Why it's listed: “…members of individuals who carry Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) mutations in MAPT, GRN or C9ORF72 repeat expansions for youths between the ages 9-17.”
RecruitingNCT06083584
Development of Targeted RNA-Seq for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Diagnosis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Why it's listed: “…molecular diagnosis takes place in two stages: 1) Search for the GGGGCC expansion in the C9ORF72 gene by RP-PCR; 2) Analysis of the coding regions by high-throughput sequencing of a panel of…”
RecruitingNCT04363684
ARTFL LEFFTDS Longitudinal Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (ALLFTD)
Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) · Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) · Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD)
Why it's listed: Lists C9orf72 among its conditions or keywords
RecruitingNCT07302321
Needs of ALS Patients With C9orf72 Mutation and Their Caregivers
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Why it's listed: “Needs of ALS Patients With C9orf72 Mutation and Their Caregivers”
RecruitingNCT00317616
The Pre-symptomatic Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Pre-fALS) Study
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Why it's listed: Lists C9orf72 among its conditions or keywords
RecruitingNCT03865420
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Families Project
ALS
Why it's listed: Lists C9orf72 among its conditions or keywords
RecruitingNCT06706687
A Study of the Behavioral Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia and Bipolar Disorder: a Neuroimaging and Epigenetics Integrated Approach
Bipolar Disorder · Frontotemporal Dementia, Behavioral Variant
Why it's listed: “…iant Frontotemporal Dementia (bvFTD) patients (40, of whom 20 carry G4C2 expansion in the C9orf72 gene, are already available, while 40 will be prospectively recruited), 80 Bipolar Disorder (B…”

All conditions linked to C9orf72 gene mutations

Orphanet records how each gene relates to each condition. Orphanet links C9orf72 to 6 rare conditions and lists variants in the gene as a cause of 3 of them.

  • Causes it. Disease-causing variants in this gene are a direct cause of the condition.
  • Raises risk. Some variants raise the chance of the condition without guaranteeing it.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosisCauses itTrial Friend pageOrphanet
Frontotemporal dementia with motor neuron diseaseCauses itTrial Friend pageOrphanet
Huntington disease-like syndrome due to C9ORF72 expansionsCauses itTrial Friend pageOrphanet
Behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementiaRaises riskOrphanet
Progressive non-fluent aphasiaRaises riskOrphanet
Semantic dementiaRaises riskOrphanet

C9orf72 genetic test results and what a variant can mean

Labs sort each variant they find into 5 groups, from pathogenic and likely pathogenic through uncertain significance to likely benign and benign. Only the first 2 are usually treated as the cause of a condition. A variant of uncertain significance, or VUS, is one without enough evidence either way yet, and labs can reclassify it as research builds.

A genetic counselor or your doctor can explain what a specific result means for you and your family. Our genetic testing guide covers the terms, and MedlinePlus Genetics from the National Library of Medicine has a plain-language page on C9orf72.

C9orf72 gene questions

What does the C9orf72 gene do?

C9orf72 makes a protein found in many tissues and plentiful in nerve cells, where it is thought to help cells make, use and move RNA. The gene holds a short stretch of DNA letters, GGGGCC, that can repeat, and up to about 30 repeats are thought to cause no harm. This summary follows MedlinePlus Genetics from the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Are there clinical trials for people with C9orf72 gene variants?

As of September 29, 2026, 8 recruiting or soon-opening trials on ClinicalTrials.gov name C9orf72 as a gene. Each one is listed on this page with the words from the trial that mention the gene. ClinicalTrials.gov also lists 230 open trials for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Match Me on Trial Friend can check those against age, sex, location and treatment history.

What conditions are linked to the C9orf72 gene?

Orphanet links C9orf72 to 6 rare conditions and lists variants in the gene as a cause of 3 of them. They include Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Frontotemporal dementia with motor neuron disease, Huntington disease-like syndrome due to C9ORF72 expansions, Behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia, Progressive non-fluent aphasia and Semantic dementia. Orphanet is the European rare disease database run by INSERM in Paris.

How is Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis inherited?

The inheritance pattern is autosomal dominant. One disease-causing variant can be enough to cause the condition. About 90 to 95% of ALS is sporadic; among familial cases, C9orf72 repeat expansions account for 30 to 40% and SOD1 for 15 to 20%, and a cause is found in about 60%.

What does a C9orf72 variant of uncertain significance mean?

A variant of uncertain significance, or VUS, is a change in the gene that labs don't yet have enough evidence to call disease-causing or harmless. It is not used on its own to diagnose a condition, and labs can reclassify it as research builds. A genetic counselor can explain what a specific result means for you and your family.

Sources

  • Gene and condition links from Orphadata (Orphanet, INSERM US14), used under CC BY 4.0, read September 29, 2026.
  • Trials from ClinicalTrials.gov, read September 29, 2026.
  • C9orf72 gene, MedlinePlus Genetics, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • Inheritance and gene notes from the Trial Friend condition pages above, each checked against genetics references.

Other gene pages

The gene search covers every gene Orphanet links to a rare disease.