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Neurological & Neuromuscular

MOG Antibody-Associated Disease (MOGAD) Clinical Trials

Also called MOGAD, MOG Antibody Disease, Anti-MOG Disease, MOG-IgG Associated Disorder, Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disease, MOG-EM, Anti-MOG Encephalomyelitis

Myelin is the insulating coat that lets nerve signals travel quickly. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, or MOG, is a protein on the outer surface of that coat in the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves.

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About MOG Antibody-Associated Disease

Myelin is the insulating coat that lets nerve signals travel quickly. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, or MOG, is a protein on the outer surface of that coat in the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves. In MOGAD the immune system makes antibodies against MOG and inflammation strips the myelin where they bind. The optic nerves are the favorite target, which is why vision problems lead the list of symptoms, followed by the spinal cord and, especially in children, the brain itself. Attacks often improve with treatment, but each one can leave lasting damage, and about a third of people with optic neuritis and half of those with spinal cord attacks recover fully.

For years people with MOGAD were told they had multiple sclerosis, NMOSD, ADEM or unexplained optic neuritis, because the attacks look alike on an MRI. A live cell-based assay for the MOG antibody, available since 2017, changed that; older ELISA tests are not reliable enough to make the diagnosis. The distinction matters because MOGAD, MS and aquaporin-4 NMOSD are driven by different immune mechanisms and respond to different drugs, and NORD notes that MS treatments are not recommended in MOGAD. The antibody can fade over time and may be undetectable during remission, so a negative test early in the illness does not always rule it out.

Doctors treat an attack with high-dose intravenous steroids for 3 to 5 days, often followed by a slow steroid taper to prevent a rebound, and add plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) when recovery is slow. Preventing the next attack is the open question. The medicines used in the United States, mycophenolate, rituximab, azathioprine and repeated IVIG, are all borrowed from other conditions and supported only by small observational studies, and there is no agreement on whether to start them after a first attack.

Common Symptoms of MOG Antibody-Associated Disease

Recognizing the signs of MOG Antibody-Associated Disease early can lead to faster diagnosis and better outcomes. Symptoms may vary in severity from person to person. If you or a loved one are experiencing any of the following, consider speaking with a specialist.

  • Blurred or lost vision in one or both eyes, usually with pain on eye movement (optic neuritis)
  • Loss of color vision
  • Weakness or paralysis in the legs or arms from spinal cord inflammation (transverse myelitis)
  • Numbness or loss of sensation
  • Bladder or bowel problems, including being unable to empty the bladder
  • Confusion, drowsiness or seizures from brain inflammation, the usual pattern in young children (ADEM)

Who MOG Antibody-Associated Disease Affects

MOGAD affects children and adults of all ages. In children it often appears as ADEM, a sudden episode of brain inflammation, and in many of those children the antibody disappears within a year and never returns. Optic neuritis, often in both eyes at once, and spinal cord inflammation are the other common patterns. Some studies find patients are younger and more often male than those with aquaporin-4 NMOSD; others find no difference. In a 2016 study, 80% of people who tested positive for the antibody went on to have more than 1 attack, and there is still no reliable way to predict who will.

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Diagnosis and Testing

MOGAD is an autoimmune disease, not an inherited one; the diagnostic test is a blood test for the MOG antibody, not a genetic test.

Trusted MOG Antibody-Associated Disease Resources

Reputable organizations and medical references for learning more about MOG Antibody-Associated Disease, including disease registries, foundation resources, and clinical guidelines.

Active Clinical Trials for MOG Antibody-Associated Disease

Use this MOG Antibody-Associated Disease clinical trial finder to see the 13 studies recruiting patients and 3 opening soon in the United States and worldwide, with eligibility criteria in plain English. These studies play a critical role in advancing care for neurological & neuromuscular conditions and may offer access to treatments not yet widely available. Each trial below is sourced directly from ClinicalTrials.gov, with eligibility criteria translated into plain English to help patients and caregivers evaluate whether a study may be a fit.

TrialsSite mapPipeline timeline

Note: Trial recruitment statuses on ClinicalTrials.gov may not immediately reflect recent FDA decisions, sponsor announcements, or enrollment changes. Always confirm a trial's current status directly with the study coordinator before making plans.

17 active trials worldwide
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RECRUITINGRecently updatedNCT06617962

Evaluation of Two Cell-based Assays for Diagnosing MOG-IgG Associated Disorders

Intervention: CBA method of live cells and fixed cells

Sponsor: Huashan Hospital

Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG-associated disorders (MOGAD) is a rare inflammatory autoimmune disease. In addition, since the international MOGAD group proposed live-cell based assays for MOGAD diagnosis in 2023, there are still no real-world cohort validation studi...

Ages 18 Years+1 location
Started Nov 2024Updated 2 weeks agoEst. Dec 2025
NOT YET RECRUITINGPHASE1, PHASE2Recently updatedNCT07804004

A Safety and Efficacy Study Evaluating CTX112 in Subjects With Refractory Neurologic Autoimmune Disease

Intervention: CTX112

Sponsor: CRISPR Therapeutics

This is a single-arm, open-label, multicenter, ascending dose Phase 1/2 trial evaluating the safety and preliminary efficacy of CTX112 in adult participants with neurological autoimmune diseases (AIDs), including Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, relapsing Neuromyelitis Optica Spec...

Ages 18 Years – 70 Years
Started Sep 2026Updated 3 weeks agoEst. Dec 2029 (~3y 2m)
RECRUITINGPHASE3Recently updatedNCT05545384

Immediate Versus Delayed Treatment With Azathioprine or Rituximab in Anti-MOG Antibodies Associated Acute Demyelinating Syndromes in Children: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Intervention: Immediate Azathioprine (1st attack), Immediate Rituximab (1st attack), Standard of care

Sponsor: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris

Among all non viral encephalitis, myelin oligodendrocytes glycoprotein antibody associated diseases (MOGAD) are the second most frequent diagnosis in children. Risk of relapses varies according to studied cohorts and cognitive and academic difficulties are more and more detected ...

Ages 6 Years – 17 Years9 locations
Started Jun 2025Updated 1 month agoEst. Apr 2027 (~6 months)
RECRUITINGUpdated a few months agoNCT07653984

Cohort Study on Neuroimmune Diseases in the Reproductive Age

Sponsor: Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University

Neuroimmune diseases are more prevalent among women of reproductive age. Studies have shown that neuroimmune diseases may impact fertility. Therefore, effective management of neuroimmune diseases during pregnancy is particularly important.

Ages 20 Years – 55 Years1 location
Started Apr 2024Updated 3 months agoEst. Jan 2030 (~3y 3m)
RECRUITINGUpdated a few months agoNCT04106830

Clinical and Imaging Cohort of Neuroinflammation Diseases in China (CLUE)

Intervention: Intravenous steroid

Sponsor: Beijing Tiantan Hospital

CLUE is a prospective study to assess structural and functional changes of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve, as well as the inflammatory environment in patients with neuroinflammatory and demyelinating diseases. Participants will receive magnetic resonance (MR) techniques ...

Ages 16 Years – 75 Years1 location
Started Jan 2019Updated 3 months agoEst. Dec 2027 (~1y 2m)
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Trial Pipeline

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Data from ClinicalTrials.gov, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
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Related Neurological & Neuromuscular Conditions

Other rare diseases in the neurological & neuromuscular category. Patients with MOG Antibody-Associated Disease may find relevant research, shared treatment pathways, or overlapping clinical trials among these related conditions.

Frequently Asked Questions About MOG Antibody-Associated Disease