Latest for Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
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More about Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
The TSC complex normally acts as a negative regulator of mTOR signaling; loss of TSC function leads to unchecked mTOR activity driving LAM cell proliferation. LAM cells produce multiple cytokines and growth factors including VEGF, FGF, and HGF that promote angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and further cell proliferation.
Keep reading about Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
LAM is characterized by progressive cystic lung destruction with characteristic features on HRCT of thin-walled cysts of varying sizes distributed throughout both lungs. Progressive air trapping and cyst formation lead to loss of functional lung parenchyma and progressive airflow obstruction. Spontaneous pneumothorax occurs in 40% of LAM patients due to cyst rupture.
Lymphatic obstruction by LAM cell infiltration leads to chylous effusions, chylothorax, and ascites. Renal involvement (angiomyolipomas) occurs in up to 80% of LAM patients and can lead to life-threatening hemorrhage. Disease progression varies widely, from slow progression with minimal symptoms to rapidly progressive respiratory failure requiring transplantation.
Estrogen dependency is suggested by disease exacerbation during pregnancy and with hormone replacement therapy.
What are the symptoms of Lymphangioleiomyomatosis?
These are common symptoms of Lymphangioleiomyomatosis, and how strong they are varies from person to person.
- Progressive dyspnea on exertion
- Chronic cough, usually nonproductive
- Chest pain or discomfort
- Hemoptysis from cyst rupture
- Spontaneous pneumothorax
- Chylous effusions causing fluid accumulation
Who gets Lymphangioleiomyomatosis?
Primarily affects women, with 90% of LAM cases occurring in females of reproductive age (typically 20s-40s). About 30-40% of women with TSC develop LAM; 10% of LAM cases are TSC-associated. Sporadic LAM (80-90% of cases) occurs without TSC in women only. Rare in men, almost exclusively in TSC-associated LAM. Occurs in all populations.
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Which medicines are FDA-approved for Lymphangioleiomyomatosis?
There is currently 1 FDA-approved medication for Lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
Source: openFDA drug labeling data. This list may not include all treatments. Always consult your doctor.
Side effects people have reported to the FDA
Side effects people have reported to the FDA
Real-world side effect reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Includes both FDA-approved drugs and investigational therapies from active clinical trials. Click any drug to see what patients reported.
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Diagnosis and genetic testing
Genetic testing for Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Genetic testing can confirm a diagnosis, guide treatment decisions, and identify family members who may be at risk.
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Trusted Lymphangioleiomyomatosis resources
Reputable organizations and medical references for learning more about Lymphangioleiomyomatosis, including disease registries, foundation resources, and clinical guidelines.