About Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome
Hajdu-Cheney syndrome (HCS) is a rare autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia caused by mutations in CTNNB1 gene affecting beta-catenin and Wnt signaling pathway regulation. The condition is characterized by progressive acroosteolysis (loss of terminal phalanges, particularly affecting fingers and toes), which begins in childhood and progressively worsens through adolescence and adulthood, eventually leading to significant digital shortening.
Affected individuals develop severe arthritis affecting multiple joints including knees, hips, shoulders, and spine, causing progressive pain and functional limitation. Distinctive facial features include short stature, delayed tooth eruption (delayed by 2-5 years), dental abnormalities including peg-shaped teeth, and characteristic craniofacial changes with frontal bossing and midface hypoplasia. Bone density abnormalities including osteopenia or osteoporosis develop, compounding fracture risk.
Progressive loss of digital bone material leads to shortened fingers and severely limited hand function for fine motor tasks. Hearing loss occurs in some patients due to ossicular involvement. Cardiac abnormalities are rare but reported. Spinal involvement including kyphosis and vertebral abnormalities develops. Progressive joint destruction and digit loss significantly impact functional ability, quality of life, and psychological well-being, particularly regarding hand dexterity and social functioning.
Common Symptoms of Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome
Recognizing the signs of Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome early can lead to faster diagnosis and better outcomes. Symptoms may vary in severity from person to person. If you or a loved one are experiencing any of the following, consider speaking with a specialist.
- Acroosteolysis and shortening of fingers and toes
- Progressive arthritis and joint destruction
- Dental abnormalities and delayed eruption
- Distinctive facial features
- Bone abnormalities on imaging
- Limited hand function
Who Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome Affects
Manifestations begin in infancy and progress through childhood and adulthood with progressive worsening of acroosteolysis and arthritis. Affects males and females equally with no gender predominance. Autosomal dominant inheritance with high penetrance and variable expressivity; most cases represent new mutations without family history.
Approximately 90% of cases appear to be new mutations. Rarely documented in more than one generation within families. No ethnic or racial predisposition documented. Diagnosis often delayed due to rarity; radiographic findings typically appear by age 5-10 years though manifestations may begin earlier.
Find Your Next Step
Answer a few questions and we'll point you to the right tools and information for where you are right now.
Side Effect Explorer
Real-world side effect reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Includes both FDA-approved drugs and investigational therapies from active clinical trials. Click any drug to see what patients reported.
Loading side effect data...
Genetic Testing
Genetic testing can confirm a diagnosis, guide treatment decisions, and identify family members who may be at risk.
Finding labs...
Trusted Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome Resources
Reputable organizations and medical references for learning more about Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome, including disease registries, foundation resources, and clinical guidelines.